Lock



A. ABELL.

LOCK. APPLICATION FILED Auem, 1921.

Panama OCI. 31,1922..

Patente-d @et 3l., 19?;2e

e stares PATENT ARTHUR ABELL, OF SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO JESSXCA HORTON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND ONE-THIRD TO WILLIAM 'EL MCSWEENEY, OF

SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS.

LOCK.

Application filed August 31, 1921. Serial No. 497,152.

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that ARTHUR ABELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salem, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates more particularly to locks of the type wherein a service key or employees key is normally used, and wherein a master key is provided for locking out the service or employees key when desired. f

The primary object of my invention is to provide a master keyed cylinder lock, whereby the number of possible combinations or keys required to open the lock may be increased over that possible with existing locks of similar general type.

Another object of my invention is to provide a cylinder lock with two rows of tumbler holes in the cylinder or lock case, which cooperate with only a single set of tumbler holes in the key plug in combination with a slidingmagazine or carrier.

Still another object of the'invention is toshaped that it is possible to mount it within a door panel, automobile, or other device, in such a manner that it cannot be easily turned or become loosened in its mounting as is possible with the usual cylindrical contour type of lock as at present employed.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a lock with a sliding magazine or tumbler carrier or case in such movable relation to the key plug `lengthwise that the magazine or carrier can be altered in its lengthwise position with reference to the key plug, that the ordinary service key or employees key will not open it when so altered, and that it can be locked in this altered position by means of` a slight depression or groove on the plug which causes the last tumbler pin inthe magazine or carrier to so engage therewith that it will prevent the magazine from returning to its normal lengthwise position, unless allowed to d o so by means its release by the master key.`

The above arrangements permit of securing four times the number of key combinations that is possible with ordinary pin tumbler locks, and this is possible because of the fact that th provide a lock so double row offtumbler holes or tumblers in the carrier or magazine in combination with the sliding feature of the magazine with reference to the key plug quadruples the possible combinations, as will be seenv by careful reference to the figures. As two combinations are secured by the sliding relation with reference to each set of tumbler holes inthe carrier or magazine, and two more combinations by the fact that the plug can be rotated with accurate relation to the line of tumbler holes withr which it may be normally engaged, and thus caused to line up with the second line of ltumbler holes in the magazine, and permit of the tumblers in said magazine to drop into the single line of tumbler holes in the plug. f i

The manner in `which the sliding magazine is operated is as follows: The master key may be provided with a 'special abutting lug appended to the key at the bottom, which, as the key is inserted in the key slot and `pushed in, eventually engages the magazine or carrier and slides the latter endwise against the compression of a spiral spring, retained in place by the rear casing plate of the lock, and when the magazine reaches the end of its travel lengthwise with reference to the plug, the last pin in the magazine or carrier drops into a groove or depression in the plug in such a manner as to lock the latter from resuming its normal forward position, which it would otherwise do, because of the pressure of the spiral spring, and now the magazine or carrier cannot be returned to such normal position until the master key again is operatedto cause the release of said locking pin and allow the magazine to be returned under the impulse of the spiral spring. i

In'studying this lockmechanism, it might normally occur to one not yskilled in the particular mechanism of the lock of my invention, that the insertion of the master key would cause interference lof the tumblers with the key projections in a manner to prevent the lengthwise motion of the key in the plug when pushed in to cause the lengthwise displacement of the movable magazine. However, this is obviated by providing a master key with practically a straight line edge although the key may be serrated on its edge to a very slight extent, just sufficient not to cause thetumblers in the plug to be raised above the line of the plug surface sufficiently to cause interlocking with the tumblers in the magazine above it. Thisresult is very neatly accomplished by making a little groove or clearanzfebetween the plug surface and the under linev of the magazine? as will be seen by more specific references to Fig, it. This is an important feature of my invention, as otherwise the lock would .not work. y

Another feature of my invention is found in the'provisio-n of a special projecting pin or push rod on the magazine or `carrier which normally extends through a holeiin the front casing of the lock, by means of which the magazine may be pushed in. This can only be done, however', by first inserting the master key in the lock, as otherwise thc magazine cannot be moved.

It is to be understood that in this improved lock construction the standard key plug may be used without having to provide a special plug, and' any standardr roll-back attached to the end of the plug. The inagazine itself, while it contains two rows of tumbler holes, need not be `made in separate compartments, as is the case in some locks in the art. This complicationis eliminated 4becauseof the fact that the two sets of tumbler holes have been carefully Worked out in such yrelation to the `tun'ibler vholes in the plug thatv separate or distinct magazine chambers for each set7 of tumbler holes are not necessary. It merelyl requires two sets `of drilled holes 0i" recesses in an ordinary cylindrical magazine. p v

These and other detailed features of my invention will be pointedout more specifically by referring tothe accompanying draw-- ings, in which Fig. 1 represents a vertical section on the line l1`1 'of Fig. 2 of my im* proved lock with the push Vrod projected through the stationary casing; Fig. 2 repre sentsatransverse ".'fertical seetioii of' Fig. 1; F 3 represents a/vei'tical sectionn on the line 3 3 of ig. 4A showing indicating pin in retracted position, and lrepresents a ltransverseA section on line L /1 of Fig.3.

Referring` more particularly toFig. 1, l1 represents a lock plug in which7 for the purpose of illustrationn is inserted the key 2, having the usual line of serrations 'Bffor throwing the 'tumbler pinsyl inthe plug and complementary pins in the magazine 6. Behind or on topof each pin in the magazine 6 is a spring 7. A casing Sfisprovided which contains the magazine 6 andv plug 1.

plug l, as shown inFigs 2 and 4. y

vThe arcual relation of both magazineand plug tumbler holes is such thatthe tuinblers in either row of magazine holes will .readily drop into place in the corr'espondingplugl holes.

.vifhich the last pin l1 elected to -Now the last tumbler .face of the lock 8 as shown. ln the plug l is a depression or groove 10 (Fig. 3) into in the magazine may drop. 12 represents a spring which has a bias such as to urge the magazine 6 forward against the front of the casing 8, rlhis spring pressesat its-rear end against the plate 13. The master key 2 for permitting the magazine to be pushed backward is provided with al depending lug 14;. This-lug engages with the magazine 6 at 6 and pushes the'magazine backward against'the back plate 13 when desired. The slight undercutk or clearance'between the plug 1 and the magazine 6 previously referred to earlier in the specification'is illustrated at :15. The outside `casing 8 of the lock is shaped as shown in Figs. 2 vand il somethingiafter the manner of a figure having a reentrant portion 16, 16. It will thus be seen that when the 'lock is mountedinany door or panel to `Such annoyanceytherefore, is overcome by lmy improved lock7 `to drill two. holes corresponding to the'outer it only being necessaiy contour of the magazine casingandthe plug` ycontour respectively for thev receptionofthe lock of course.

a slight amount of cutting Aor finishing between the holes 'being necessary.

The operation of my invention is'as follows: .ffissuniing that the lock is. in the positiom 8 with the master key 2 inthe loci, land it is desired to change the combination so that a service key will be "locked out, the magazine is pushed ba'ck against the `action ofthe spring 12 by meansoffthe push l-/l on the key if it isV rod 9 or'by the lug provide the key with such` a lug. A pin in the magazine 'drops 'into place' inthe depression 10 A(Fig. S) of the plug. thus locking tie -latterin place, and the master key withdrawn. yA`

service-key 21 which issubsequently inserted in the lock Will not open the' lo'ck wliilethe plug is in this psition` unless the v'service key is made speciallytofiit this arrangementor combination, especially `since 'the vtumbler 'of fthe second Vpocket has been transferred vfrom thepositionk shown in Figure'l align- The maga'zinetr contains tworows Aof tumi blers angularly related toa single row of itumblers in the q iosition by' means of the`inaster key when Athe plug Ais'turnedby the latter the Vlocking pin 'rides up out ofthe depressionl() on a lsort of cam' surface.` Thus,- variousfcoinbinations of keys are afforded forthe lock in l excess of locks which do not have a forward and back position as provlded by the improved means of my invention. While, for the purpose of simplicity oi illustration, a multiplicity ot varying lengths of tumbler pins has not been shown, it is understood that such provisions are old in the art and need not be illustrated in detail here.

ln accordance with the provisions oi the patent statutes, l have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which .l now consider. to represent the-best embodiment thereof, but l desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention may be carried out by other means.

wWhat I `claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. The combination of a tumbler case and a key-cylinder plug revolving therein, the case containing two series of tumbler-recesses and the key cylinder plug having one series of tumbler' recesses, which latter may be made to coincide with either series of recesses in the case by the revolution of the plug, tumblers of varying lengths in the recesses, and means for sliding the tumbler case relatively lengthwise ofthe cylinder plug whereby a properly iitted service key will operate any one combination and the mastei;'key may lock out all service keys against a large number o' different combinations.

2. In a cylinder lock, the combination ot' a tumbler case with a key cylinder plug revolving therein, means for sliding the tumbler case on the key plug lengthwise ot the latter, whereby the number of key combina-` tions may be increased, tumbler recesses and pins in both the plug and case, and means for restraining the case in retracted position and returning it to the normal forward position as desired.

3. In a cylinder lock, the combination of a tumbler case with a key cylinder plug revolving therein, means for sliding the tumf device to which it may be attached Jfor bler case on the key plug lengthwise ot the latte-n whereby the number ot key `com inations may be increased, tuml'iler recesses and pins in both the plug and cass a recess in the plug end into which the last pin in the tumbler case may drop whereby the tumbler case may be held retracted until released.

4f. ln a cylind r lock, the combination et a tumbler case with a ke cylinder luiT re` volvabletherein, means tor sliding the tumbler case on the `key plug lengthwise oi? the latter whereby the number of key combinations may be increased, tumbler recesses and pins in both the plug and case, a recess in the 4piug end into which the last pin in the magazine may drop and lock said magazine in retracted position towards the roll-back of the lock, a spring which actuates the magazine to return it to its' normal position when the restraining pin tor the magazine is released, and a master-key for releasing the tumbler case.

5. The combination of a tumbler case with a key cylinder plug revolvable therein, means tor sliding the tumbler case on the key plug relatively lengthwise of the latter whereby the number oi key combinations may be increased, tumbler recesses in both the plug and case, a tumbler tor restraining the magaaine in the inward position, controlled by a master key, whereby any service key may be locked out, and a spring for actuating the magazine to return it to its respective normal `forward positions.

6. in a cylinder lock, in combination a revolvable tumbler plug or receiver,` a magazine or carrier cooperatively related thereto, tiunbler recesses and pins in both the revolvable plug and maga-Zine, a key slot for the reception of an operating key in 'the plug, and an outer retaining casing for the whole shaped as a gure to prevent movement of the outer casing in the door or other lock purposes. y

ARTHUR ABELL. 

